Impossible for normal Setup. That's a XP-style progress bar.
There's nothing in post-XP Windows that provides a progress report other than Setup's file copy. Windows will spin some random animation, or cycle through a set of splash screens to distract you.
Some IT pros have done exactly what you've imagined -- but they're cheating.
They boot off a heavily customized WinPE, and copy/install files or packages themselves (replacing the role of Setup). Using WinPE's native HTML, they can display a progress bar widget for different tasks. Just like image debloaters and modders have a separate community, IT pros discuss their tricks on SCCM forums.
NTLite will likely never touch this. When you go down this rabbit hole, you literally own everything and have to duplicate all the work Setup does for you. IT pro's don't mind, since they're getting $$$ to do consulting work.